50-23-7 | Cortisol

Chemical type

• Endogenous steroid hormone (glucocorticoid)

^[1]

• Glucocorticoid steroid hormone

^[2,3]

Key properties

• Regulates glucose metabolism
• Increases insulin resistance
• Affects blood pressure, immune response, and bone metabolism

^[1]

• Excess causes symptoms like hypertension, diabetes, muscle weakness, and hypokalemia
• Measured in serum, urine (free cortisol), and saliva
• Fails to suppress with dexamethasone in Cushing syndrome

^[2]

• Primary effector of stress-induced immune suppression (anti-inflammatory)
• Binds to the Glucocorticoid Receptor (GR)
• GR acts as a transcription factor to increase anti-inflammatory proteins and repress pro-inflammatory cytokines

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• Physiological stress hormone
• Clinical biomarker for hypercortisolism and Cushing’s syndrome

^[1]

• Diagnostic marker (e.g., 24-hour urinary free cortisol, late-night salivary cortisol)
• Therapeutic administration (e.g., stress doses during surgery)
• Postoperative replacement in adrenal insufficiency

^[2]

• Experimental research: Its role was antagonized using Mifepristone to isolate the direct (cortisol-independent) effects of CRH. Its levels were measured by ELISA to confirm the effectiveness of metyrapone and CRH treatments in zebrafish larvae.

^[3]

Classification by use

• Chemicals used as endocrine biomarkers
• Chemicals involved in glucose metabolism regulation
• Chemicals involved in stress response

^[1]

• Steroid hormones for endocrine disorders
• Anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive agents

^[2]

• Research chemical (experimental immunology and endocrinology)

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A trustworthy factory and manufacturer

1. [Cite:1] Insulin Resistance Unveiled: Cushing's Disease in a Patient with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Worsening Glycemic Control, AACE Endocrinology and Diabetes, 5 January 2026
2. [Cite:2] Ectopic Cushing Syndrome due to an Adrenocorticotropic Hormone-Producing Pheochromocytoma, AACE Endocrinology and Diabetes, 2 January 2026
3. [Cite:3] Corticotropin-releasing hormone enhances the responsivity of macrophages to inflammation in zebrafish, General and Comparative Endocrinology, Volume 373, October 2025, 114815