7400-08-0 | 4-Coumaric Acid

Chemical type

• Hydroxycinnamic acid

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• Hydroxycinnamic acid (phenylpropanoid intermediate)

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Key properties

• Serves as a key intermediate in the phenylpropanoid pathway
• Activated by 4CL enzyme to form CoA esters
• Involved in metabolic flux toward downstream products

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• Aromatic phenolic acid
• Precursor in the phenylpropanoid and monolignol biosynthesis pathways
• Substrate of 4-coumaric acid:CoA ligase (4CL)
• Can be hydroxylated to form caffeic acid

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• Precursor for lignin biosynthesis
• Substrate for flavonoid production
• Contributes to plant defense against abiotic stresses like salinity and cold

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• Intermediate in monolignol biosynthesis
• Precursor for lignin formation in plants
• Regulates metabolic flux toward lignin subunits (H, G, and S units)

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Classification by use

• Biochemical intermediates in secondary metabolism
• Compounds for stress adaptation in plants

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• Chemicals used as plant metabolic intermediates
• Chemicals used in lignin biosynthesis research

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1. [Cite:1] Genome-wide analysis of the 4-Coumarate-CoA ligase gene family in wheat: Expression patterns under salt stress and light-regulated cold acclimation, Plant Stress, Volume 16, June 2025, 100879
2. [Cite:2] 4-Coumaroyl and Caffeoyl Shikimic Acids Inhibit 4-Coumaric Acid:Coenzyme A Ligases and Modulate Metabolic Flux for 3-Hydroxylation in Monolignol Biosynthesis of Populus trichocarpa, Moleculor Plant, Volume 8, Issue 1, 5 January 2015, Pages 176-187