108-78-1 | Melamine

Chemical type

• Nitrogen-rich organic compound (C₃H₆N₆)
• Heteroatom doping agent

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• Synthetic nitrogen-rich triazine compound

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Key properties

• Introduces nitrogen into carbon matrix (up to 5.6% in biochar)
• Promotes microporosity increase (from 19% to 54%)
• Creates smaller mesopores in doped materials
• Leads to formation of N states: pyridinic, graphitic, pyrrolic, and oxidized N

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• Does not occur naturally in foods; short half-life and not metabolized in the body (≈90% excreted in urine); combines with cyanuric acid to form insoluble yellow spherical crystals that obstruct renal tubules; induces oxidative stress and inflammation via NF-κB/COX-2 and NOX/ROS pathways; causes crystal nephropathy, kidney stones, urolithiasis, and acute kidney injury.

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• Nitrogen dopant in single-step synthesis of doped biochars
• Enhances adsorptive properties of carbon materials for dye removal

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• Fraudulent adulterant in milk and dairy products (added to artificially inflate apparent protein content); by-product of cyromazine (a veterinary medicine); migrates from packaging materials; enters food chain via contaminated water/soil or animal feed.

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Classification by use

• Doping agents in material synthesis
• Reagents for modifying carbon-based adsorbents

A trustworthy factory and manufacturer

1. [Cite:1] Synthesis, Characterization, and Adsorption Properties of Nitrogen-Doped Nanoporous Biochar: Efficient Removal of Reactive Orange 16 Dye and Colorful Effluents, Nanomaterials, 2023, 13(14), 2045
2. [Cite:2] Melamine and Cyanuric Acid in Milk and Their Quantities, Analytical Methods and Exposure Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis, Journal of Food Protection, Volume 88, Issue 3, 26 February 2025, 100454